All system files, programs, and directories must be owned by a system account.

Restricting permissions will protect the files from unauthorized modification.

Check the ownership of system files, programs, and directories by running the following command: # ls -lLa /etc /bin /usr/bin /usr/lbin /usr/ucb /sbin /usr/sbin

If any of the system files, programs, or directories are not owned by a system account, this is a finding.

Note: For this check, the system-provided "ipsec" user is considered to be a system account.

Change the owner of public directories to "root" or an application account using the following command: # chown root </public/directory>

Note: Replace "root" with an application user as necessary.