Two-factor authentication must be implemented to restrict access to all network elements.

Without secure management implemented with authenticated access controls, strong two-factor authentication, encryption of the management session and audit logs, unauthorized users may gain access to network managed devices compromised, large parts of the network could be incapacitated with only a few commands.

Review all network element configurations to ensure that an authentication server is being used. Then verify that a two-factor authentication method has been implemented. The RADIUS or TACACS server referenced in the configurations will call a two-factor authentication server. If two-factor authentication is not being used to access all network elements, this is a finding.

The network administrator must ensure strong two-factor authentication is being incorporated in the access scheme.