The Oracle SQL92_SECURITY parameter must be set to TRUE.

The configuration option SQL92_SECURITY specifies whether table-level SELECT privileges are required to execute an update or delete those references table column values. If this option is disabled (set to FALSE), the UPDATE privilege can be used to determine values that should require SELECT privileges.

The SQL92_SECURITY setting of TRUE prevents the exploitation of user credentials with only DELETE or UPDATE privileges on a table from being able to derive column values in that table by performing a series of update/delete statements using a where clause, and rolling back the change. In the following example, with SQL92_SECURITY set to FALSE, a user with only delete privilege on the scott.emp table is able to derive that there is one employee with a salary greater than 3000. With SQL92_SECURITY set to TRUE, that user is prevented from attempting to derive a value.

SQL92_SECURITY = FALSE SQL> delete from scott.emp where sal > 3000; 1 row deleted SQL> rollback; Rollback complete

SQL92_SECURITY = TRUE SQL> delete from scott.emp where sal > 3000; delete from scott.emp where sal > 3000 * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01031: insufficient privileges

To determine the current setting run the SQL statement:

Connect the database: sqlplus connect as sysdba

SELECT inst_id, con_id, value FROM sys.gv_$parameter WHERE name = 'sql92_security';

If the value for any instance or container returned is FALSE, this is a finding.

If the value for any instance or container is TRUE or does not exist (NULL), this is not a finding.

Enable SQL92 security.

Connect to the database: sqlplus connect as sysdba

ALTER SYSTEM SET sql92_security=TRUE SCOPE=spfile SID='*'; SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE; STARTUP;

SID='*' is required if the database is a RAC database.